What Is an EPC?

An Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) rates the energy efficiency of a property on a scale from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient). It also includes an environmental impact rating and a list of recommended improvements. EPCs are produced by accredited domestic energy assessors following an inspection of the property.

Is an EPC a Legal Requirement?

Yes. Under the Energy Performance of Buildings Regulations 2012, a valid EPC must be obtained before a property is put on the market for sale. Estate agents are required to include the EPC rating in property listings. Failure to have a valid EPC in place before marketing can result in a penalty charge.

• An EPC must be obtained before the property is marketed
• Estate agents must include the EPC rating in all property listings
• The EPC must be made available to prospective buyers free of charge
• Penalties of up to £200 can apply for non-compliance

How Long Does an EPC Last?

An EPC is valid for ten years from the date it was issued. You can check whether your property has a current EPC — and view its rating — on the EPC Register at gov.uk. If your EPC has expired, or if you have never had one, you will need to commission a new assessment before marketing.

How to Get an EPC

EPCs must be produced by an accredited domestic energy assessor. You can find an accredited assessor through the EPC Register at gov.uk or through your estate agent, who will often be able to recommend a local assessor. The assessment typically takes around 45 minutes to an hour and involves the assessor inspecting the property's insulation, heating system, windows, and other energy-related features.

• Search for an accredited assessor at the EPC Register (gov.uk)
• Ask your estate agent — many have preferred assessors they work with regularly
• The assessment typically takes 45–60 minutes
• You will receive the EPC certificate digitally, usually within 24–48 hours
• Costs typically range from £60 to £120 depending on property size and location

What Does the EPC Rating Mean for Your Sale?

A low EPC rating (E, F, or G) is unlikely to prevent a sale, but it may prompt questions from buyers about energy costs and potential improvement works. Buyers who are purchasing with a mortgage may find that some lenders have minimum EPC requirements for lending. If your property has a low rating, it is worth being prepared to discuss what improvements could be made.

• Ratings A–C are considered energy efficient and are increasingly expected by buyers
• Ratings D–E are common in older properties and rarely cause significant issues
• Ratings F–G may prompt buyer questions and could affect mortgage availability
• The EPC includes a list of recommended improvements and their estimated cost and impact
• You are not required to carry out improvements — the EPC is informational

What to Do Next

Check the EPC Register at gov.uk to see whether your property has a current, valid EPC. If it has expired or does not exist, commission a new assessment before instructing your estate agent. Keep a copy of the EPC certificate — your solicitor and estate agent will both need it.